/* Research narrative. All styles stay within this page. */
.research-page {
  --research-ink: #243f68;
  --research-wash: #f2f5fa;
  --research-line: #c7d2e2;
  max-width: 860px;
}

.research-page [hidden] { display: none !important; }
.research-page section { margin-bottom: 3.2rem; }
.research-page [id] { scroll-margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.research-page p { margin-bottom: .9rem; }
.research-page a:focus-visible, .research-page button:focus-visible,
.research-page summary:focus-visible,
.research-page [role="region"]:focus-visible,
.research-page [role="tabpanel"]:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #245eae;
  outline-offset: 4px;
}
.research-page figcaption {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: .82rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-light);
}
.research-page h3 { line-height: 1.45; }
.research-page h2:has(.section-index) { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: .7rem; line-height: 1.4; }
.section-index { flex: 0 0 auto; font: inherit; color: inherit; }
.research-intro #research-title {
  font: 600 2.05rem/1.22 var(--font-serif);
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  margin: .5rem 0 1rem;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.research-lead { font-size: 1.18rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.research-subtitle { color: var(--text-light); font-size: 1.06rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.research-page .research-subtitle { margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }
.research-emphasis { margin-top: 1.4rem; }
.research-context { border-left: 2px solid var(--research-line); padding: .2rem 0 .2rem 1rem; margin: 1.5rem 0; }
.research-context p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.research-contents {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: .5rem 1.2rem;
  border-block: 1px solid #e1e5eb;
  padding: .8rem 0;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  font: .82rem/1.6 var(--font-sans);
}

/* Optional methods and sources keep the main narrative readable. */
.research-detail { border-top: 1px solid #e0e4e9; margin-top: .9rem; }
.research-detail summary {
  padding: .65rem .15rem;
  min-height: 44px;
  font: .84rem/1.6 var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--research-ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.research-detail summary:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: .18em; }
.detail-content { padding: .25rem .2rem .3rem; font-size: .93rem; }
.detail-content a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.detail-content p:last-child { margin-bottom: .5rem; }

/* A short definition beside the term; native popovers also work without JS. */
.term-trigger {
  display: inline;
  padding: .12rem 0;
  border: 0;
  background: none;
  color: var(--research-ink);
  font: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline dotted;
  text-underline-offset: .2em;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.term-trigger:hover, .term-trigger[aria-expanded="true"] { text-decoration-style: solid; }
.term-definition {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  margin: auto;
  width: min(25rem, calc(100vw - 2rem));
  height: fit-content;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 2rem);
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem;
  border: 1px solid #acbbce;
  border-radius: .4rem;
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--text);
  box-shadow: 0 5px 20px #243f6826;
  font: 1rem/1.6 var(--font-serif);
}
.term-definition::backdrop { background: transparent; }
.research-page .term-definition h3 { margin: 0 2rem .6rem 0; font: 600 1rem/1.5 var(--font-sans); }
.research-page .term-definition p { margin-bottom: .75rem; }
.term-definition > a { font: .85rem/1.6 var(--font-sans); }
.term-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: .3rem;
  right: .3rem;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border: 0;
  background: none;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font: 1.5rem/1 var(--font-sans);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.term-close:hover { color: var(--research-ink); }

/* Connected questions, with sources beside the claim they support. */
.research-lineage { list-style: none; margin: 1.4rem 0 1.5rem .25rem; }
.research-lineage li {
  position: relative;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  padding: 0 0 1.15rem 1.4rem;
  margin: 0;
}
.research-lineage li:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; border-color: transparent; }
.research-lineage li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  top: .5rem;
  left: -5px;
  background: #fff;
  border: 2px solid #607ca3;
  border-radius: 50%;
}
.research-lineage h3 { margin-top: 0; font-family: var(--font-sans); }
.research-page .lineage-question { color: var(--research-ink); margin-bottom: .3rem; }

/* The example is deterministic explanatory content, not a model simulation. */
.research-example { margin: 1.25rem 0 0; border: 1px solid var(--research-line); padding: 1.25rem; }
.example-update { border-block: 1px solid #dce3ed; padding: .85rem 0; margin: 1rem 0; }
.example-update > span { display: block; font: .74rem/1.5 var(--font-sans); color: var(--text-light); }
.example-update strong { display: block; font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 500; }
.example-update del { color: #676767; }
.example-instruction { font-size: .9rem; }
.example-tabs { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.example-tabs button {
  font: .82rem/1.4 var(--font-sans);
  color: #3e4a5a;
  border: 1px solid #bac5d3;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 3px;
  padding: .6rem .8rem;
  min-height: 44px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.example-tabs button:hover { border-color: var(--research-ink); }
.example-tabs button[aria-selected="true"] { background: var(--research-ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--research-ink); }
.example-case { margin-block: 1.2rem; }
.example-case + .example-case { border-top: 1px solid #dce3ed; padding-top: 1rem; }
.example-enhanced .example-case { margin: 0; border: 0; padding: 0; }
.example-enhanced .example-cases { min-height: 12rem; }
.example-metric { font: .78rem/1.6 var(--font-sans); color: var(--research-ink); }
.research-page .example-query { font-size: 1.15rem; line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.research-page .example-answer { margin-bottom: .65rem; }
.example-route { padding-top: .4rem; font: .85rem/1.5 var(--font-sans); }
.route-query { display: block; width: fit-content; margin: 0 auto; padding: .3rem 1rem; border: 1px solid #c8ced8; }
.route-branches { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; padding-top: 1.7rem; }
.route-branches::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 0; height: .8rem; border-left: 1px solid #b7c1d0; }
.route-branches::after { content: ""; position: absolute; top: .8rem; left: 25%; right: 25%; height: .9rem; border: 1px solid #b7c1d0; border-bottom: 0; }
.route-branch { padding: .7rem .75rem; border: 1px solid #dce1e8; color: #606b7b; }
.route-branch > span, .route-branch > strong { display: block; }
.route-branch strong { font-size: .88rem; margin: .2rem 0; }
.route-state { font-size: .7rem; }
.example-route[data-route="memory"] .route-memory,
.example-route[data-route="base"] .route-base { color: var(--research-ink); border: 2px solid #5376a7; padding: calc(.7rem - 1px) calc(.75rem - 1px); background: var(--research-wash); }
.research-page .example-caption { display: none; color: var(--text-light); font: .78rem/1.6 var(--font-sans); margin: .75rem 0 0; }
.example-enhanced .example-caption { display: block; }

/* The four papers form a problem-led sequence. */
.research-work-list { margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.research-work { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: .7rem; padding: 1.4rem 0; border-top: 1px solid #e0e4e9; }
.work-number { font: 600 1.08rem/1.45 var(--font-sans); color: var(--text); }
.research-work h3 { font: 600 1.08rem/1.45 var(--font-sans); margin: 0 0 .75rem; }
.work-paper { border-left: 2px solid var(--research-line); padding: .15rem 0 .15rem .85rem; margin: 1rem 0; }
.research-page .work-paper p { font: .9rem/1.5 var(--font-sans); margin: 0 0 .35rem; }
.work-paper > span { display: block; font: .76rem/1.6 var(--font-sans); color: var(--text-light); }
.research-page .work-connection { margin: 0; color: var(--research-ink); font-style: italic; }

/* Complementary requirements, rather than steps in a single algorithm. */
.research-connections { margin: 1.4rem 0; }
.research-connections figcaption { margin-bottom: .75rem; }
.connection-grid { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: .8rem; }
.connection-grid li { margin: 0; }
.connection-grid a { display: block; height: 100%; padding: 1rem; border: 1px solid var(--research-line); font-family: var(--font-sans); }
.connection-grid a:hover { background: var(--research-wash); text-decoration: none; }
.connection-grid a:hover strong { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: .18em; }
.connection-grid strong { display: block; font-size: .95rem; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--research-ink); }
.connection-grid span { display: block; margin-top: .4rem; font-size: .78rem; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--text-light); }
.learning-paths-intro { margin-top: 1.5rem; }

/* The framework in development: IPL and ICL share experience and feedback. */
.research-future { margin: 1.4rem 0 1.5rem; border-block: 1px solid #d4dce7; padding: 1rem 0; }
.research-future > figcaption { margin-bottom: 1rem; color: var(--research-ink); }
.framework-source, .framework-decisions, .framework-paths, .framework-evaluation { font-family: var(--font-sans); }
.framework-source { border: 1px solid var(--research-line); padding: .75rem; text-align: center; font-size: .9rem; }
.framework-decisions { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr; align-items: center; gap: .65rem; margin: .85rem 0; text-align: center; font-size: .82rem; color: var(--research-ink); }
.framework-paths { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; }
.framework-path { border: 1px solid #a8b8cd; padding: 1rem; }
.framework-path.framework-ipl { background: var(--research-wash); border-color: #7e98bd; }
.framework-path h3 { margin: 0 0 .7rem; color: var(--research-ink); font-size: 1rem; }
.framework-path h3 span { display: block; font-weight: 500; font-size: .82rem; margin-top: .2rem; }
.framework-path p { font-size: .86rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.research-page .framework-state { margin: .75rem 0 0; font-size: .75rem; color: var(--research-ink); }
.research-page .framework-exchange { margin: .9rem 0; color: var(--text-light); font-size: .9rem; text-align: center; }
.framework-evaluation { padding: .8rem; border: 1px dashed #a8b8cd; text-align: center; font-size: .85rem; }
.framework-evaluation span { display: block; color: var(--text-light); font-size: .75rem; margin-top: .25rem; }
.research-page .loop-return { margin: .8rem 0 0; text-align: center; font: .78rem/1.6 var(--font-sans); color: var(--text-light); }
.loop-return > span { color: var(--research-ink); }
.future-questions { border-left: 2px solid var(--research-line); margin: 1.5rem 0; padding-left: 1.1rem; }
.future-questions h3 { font-family: var(--font-sans); margin-top: 1.3rem; }
.research-closing { font-size: 1.22rem; line-height: 1.65; color: var(--research-ink); border-left: 2px solid var(--research-line); padding-left: 1rem; margin-top: 1.4rem; }
.research-invitation { border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line); padding-top: 1.25rem; }
.research-invitation h2 { border: 0; }

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .research-intro #research-title { font-size: 1.85rem; }
  .research-example { padding: 1rem .85rem; }
  .example-tabs { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .example-tabs button { padding-inline: .35rem; }
  .example-enhanced .example-cases { min-height: 16rem; }
  .route-branches { gap: .6rem; }
  .route-branch { padding: .55rem .45rem; }
  .example-route[data-route="memory"] .route-memory,
  .example-route[data-route="base"] .route-base { padding: calc(.55rem - 1px) calc(.45rem - 1px); }
  .research-work { grid-template-columns: 1.6rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: .55rem; }
  .connection-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .framework-paths { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .framework-path { padding: .9rem; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html:has(.research-page) { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}